View the most recent official publication: These links go to the official, published CFR, which is updated annually. Dimensions of such flanges shall never be less than indicated. 1. 1 CFR 1.1 (1) Feed rolls and saws shall be protected by a hood or guard to prevent the hands of the operator from coming in contact with the in-running rolls at any point. Each manufacturer supplying parts, components, subsystems, and assemblies needs to maintain the quality of the product, and each employer needs to maintain the system in a non-degraded condition. Exceptions are set forth in the remaining subdivisions of this subparagraph. 3. Type 1 wheels shall be mounted between flanges. 1926.555 (a) (5) Where a conveyor passes over work areas, aisles, or thoroughfares, suitable guards shall be provided to protect employees required to work below the conveyors. Such cross-referencing of specific requirements from paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section is intended only to enhance convenience and understanding in relating to the new provisions to the existing standard, and is not to be construed as limiting the applicability of other provisions in paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section. All sprocket wheels and chains shall be enclosed unless they are more than seven (7) feet above the floor or platform. 1910.1024 Beryllium. (i) Point of operation is the area on a machine where work is actually performed upon the material being processed. Belts which of necessity must be shifted by hand and belts within seven (7) feet of the floor or working platform which are not guarded in accordance with this section shall not be fastened with metal in any case, nor with any other fastening which by construction or wear will constitute an accident hazard. (3) Sprockets and chains. (ii) Posts shall be not more than eight (8) feet apart; they are to be permanent and substantial, smooth, and free from protruding nails, bolts, and splinters. An upper and a lower die make a complete set. (ii) (A) PSDI shall be implemented only by use of light curtain (photo-electric) presence sensing devices which meet the requirements of paragraph (c)(3)(iii)(c) of this section unless the requirements of the following paragraph have been met. (13) Control reliability. (iii) Stamped to indicate complete die weight when handling equipment may become overloaded. The records shall include the manufacture and model number of each component and subsystem, the calculations of the safety distance as required by paragraph (h)(9)(v) of this section, and the stopping time measurements required by paragraph (h)(2)(ii) of this section. Sprockets and chains. 1910.135 Head protection. Materials should be placed on the conveyor so that they will ride safely. 7, 1996]. 1910.217 Mechanical power presses. All points not readily accessible shall have oil feed tubes if lubricant is to be added while machinery is in motion. (b) Attachments shall be adjusted to prevent the operator from reaching into the point of operation or to withdraw the operator's hands from the point of operation before the dies close. (v) Two-hand controls for single stroke shall conform to the following requirements: (a) Each hand control shall be protected against unintended operation and arranged by design, construction, and/or separation so that the concurrent use of both hands is required to trip the press. 1910.211 Definitions. These records shall be available for inspection by OSHA and OSHA State Plan offices. (i) Limitation: Cutting off wheels are recommended only for use on specially designed and fully guarded machines and are subject to the following maximum thickness and hole size limitations. Limitation: Rim height, T dimension, is generally equal to or greater than rim thickness, W dimension. (4) Bushing. Belt shippers and shipper poles. Operation of the Inch operating means engages the driving clutch so that a small portion of one stroke or indefinite stroking can occur, depending upon the length of time the Inch operating means is held operated. Every steam or airhammer shall have a safety cylinder head to act as a cushion if the rod should break or pullout of the ram. When dies are being changed or maintenance is being performed on the press, the following shall be accomplished: (i) The power to the press shall be locked out. All new mill installations shall be installed so that the top of the operating rolls is not less than 50 inches above the level on which the operator stands, irrespective of the size of the mill. If it so determines, it shall validate the employer's certification that the PSDI safety system is in full conformance with all requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217(a) through (h) and this appendix A. (i) The cone belt and pulley shall be equipped with a belt shifter so constructed as to adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley. (4) Pressure pipes. The employer shall insure by adequate supervision that correct operating procedures are being followed. They shall be continuous, the ends being either riveted, bolted, or welded together in such a manner as to leave the inside free from projections. 1910.3 Petitions for the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a standard. 1910.26 Dockboards. Subpart EExit Routes and Emergency Planning, 1910.33 Table of contents. Toeboards shall be four (4) inches or more in height, of wood, metal, or of metal grill not exceeding one (1) inch mesh. If such guard is constructed of sheet metal, the material used shall be not less than 116 inch in thickness, and if cast iron is used, it shall be not less than three-sixteenths inch in thickness. (See Figures O-16 and O-17. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 39 FR 41846, Dec. 3, 1974; 53 FR 8353, Mar. Guards for horizontal overhead belts shall run the entire length of the belt and follow the line of the pulley to the ceiling or be carried to the nearest wall, thus enclosing the belt effectively. (7) All cracked saws shall be removed from service. If cracked, there will be a dead sound and not a clear ring.. This responsibility includes: (i) Establishing periodic and regular maintenance safety checks and keeping certification records of these inspections which include the date of inspection, the signature of the person who performed the inspection and the serial number, or other identifier, for the forging machine which was inspected. The guard shall be constructed of heavy material, preferably metal, and the bottom of the guard shall come down to within three-eighths inch of the plane formed by the bottom or working surfaces of the feed rolls. Showing adjustable tongue giving required angular protection for all sizes of wheel used. An open space, not exceeding four (4) inches in width, may be left between the outside edge of the disk and the rim of the wheel if desired, to facilitate turning the wheel over. A copy of the certification/validation report shall be submitted to OSHA within 30 days of its completion. (k) Guarding of clutches, cutoff couplings, and clutch pulleys -. (2) Engine rooms. 1910.307 Hazardous (classified) locations. Vertical belts running over a lower pulley more than seven (7) feet above floor or platform shall be guarded at the bottom in the same manner as horizontal overhead belts, if conditions are as stated in paragraphs (e)(2)(ii) (a) and (c) of this section. (ii) The operating levers on hand-tripped presses having more than one operating station shall be interlocked to prevent the tripping of the press except by the concurrent use of all levers. The validating laboratory, if a separate organization from the validation organization, shall assign technical responsibility for the validation of PSDI certification to a Technical Director. Table O-11 - Strength and Dimensions for Wood Ram Props. The certification/validation of safety systems for PSDI shall consider the press, controls, safeguards, operator, and environment as an integrated system which shall comply with all of the requirements in 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. 1910.29 Fall protection systems and falling object protectioncriteria and practices. Machines designed for a fixed location shall be securely anchored to prevent walking or moving. (ix) The control design shall preclude any movement of the slide caused by operation of power on, power off, or selector switches, or from checks for proper operations as required by paragraph (h)(6)(xiv) of this section. 1910.427 Liveboating. (ii) Unused keyways shall be filled up or covered. Appendix to Subpart E of Part 1910Exit Routes, Emergency Action Plans, and Fire Prevention Plans, Subpart FPowered Platforms, Manlifts, and Vehicle-Mounted Work Platforms. Demonstrations that such adjustments as may be needed (such as to the brake monitor setting) have been accomplished with proper changes made in the records and on such notices as are located on the press and safety system. (b) A Type B gate or movable barrier device shall protect the operator in the manner specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(g) of this section. FAR). (44) Pinch point means any point other than the point of operation at which it is possible for a part of the body to be caught between the moving parts of a press or auxiliary equipment, or between moving and stationary parts of a press or auxiliary equipment or between the material and moving part or parts of the press or auxiliary equipment. (3) Bearings shall be kept free from lost motion and shall be well lubricated. Other Safety Resources - CEMA Adjustable guard to be used for starting engine or for running adjustment may be provided at the flywheel of gas or oil engines. All trip and emergency switches shall not be of the automatically resetting type, but shall require manual resetting. (vi) It shall be the responsibility of the employer to ensure the competence of personnel caring for, inspecting, and maintaining power presses equipped for PSDI operation, through initial and periodic training. 1910.110 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases. Energy delivered during each stroke may be varied. (3) Manually operated controls. The employer shall operate his presses within the tonnage and attachment weight ratings specified by the manufacturer. Table O-2 - Exposure Versus Wheel Thickness, Table O-4 - Minimum Dimensions for Straight Unrelieved Flanges for Wheels with Threaded Inserts or Projecting Studs. (iii) Be constructed and installed in a manner to monitor brake system performance on each stroke. Appendix A to Subpart T of Part 1910Examples of Conditions Which May Restrict or Limit Exposure to Hyperbaric Conditions We're always open to new suggestions on safety training topics you'd like to see! 1910.103 Hydrogen. When a recognized validation organization has filed such a renewal request, its current recognition will not expire until a final decision has been made on the request. The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is the official legal print publication containing the codification of the general and permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the departments and agencies of the Federal Government. (3) Belt pole (sometimes called a belt shipper or shipper pole,) means a device used in shifting belts on and off fixed pulleys on line or countershaft where there are no loose pulleys. General. 7, 1996; 69 FR 31882, June 8, 2004]. As a It would not be necessary to repeat the tests on individual safety systems of the same manufacture or design. Bandsaw wheels shall be fully encased. 1910.4 Amendments to this part. OSHA regulates conveyors specifically in its construction rule at 29 CFR 1926.555, and the general use of such equipment is regulated under general industry and contruction rules for lockout/tagout, machine guarding, signs, signals, and barricades, and under the General Duty Clause. eCFR :: 29 CFR Part 1910 Subpart O -- Machinery and Machine Guarding (A) The manufacturer's recommended test procedures for checking operation of the presence sensing device. (iii) The intensity of illumination conforms to the requirements of ANSI A11.1-1965 (R-1970), which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. OSHA may inspect the facilities of the third-party validation organization and any validating laboratory, and while there shall review any additional documentation underlying the application. Where prong anchor or cupback bushing are used, this footnote does not apply. (2) Arbor size. (3) For the Textile Industry, because of the presence of excessive deposits of lint, which constitute a serious fire hazard, the sides and face sections only of nip-point belt and pulley guards are required, provided the guard shall extend at least six (6) inches beyond the rim of the pulley on the in-running and off-running sides of the belt and at least two (2) inches away from the rim and face of the pulley in all other directions. A separate drafting site The certification/validation report shall be signed by the Administrative Director and the Technical Director. The intent of paragraph (h)(9)(iii) is to prohibit use of mirrors to bend a single light curtain sensing field around corners to cover more than one side of a press. These safety training PowerPoints cover the items specified by OSHA standards. (See Figures O-14 and O-15. 6. b. The spreader shall be attached so that it will remain in true alignment with the saw even when either the saw or table is tilted. In the second stage, the OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization validates that the PSDI safety system meets the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A and the manufacturer's certification by reviewing the manufacturer's design and test data and performing any additional reviews required by this standard or which it believes appropriate. This requirement shall apply only to those clutch/brake air-valve controls manufactured and installed on or after August 31, 1971, but shall not apply to machines intended only for continuous, automatic feeding applications. Table O-6 - Minimum Dimensions for Straight Relieved Flanges1. Safety guards of the types described in subparagraphs (3) and (4) of this paragraph, where the operator stands in front of the opening, shall be constructed so that the peripheral protecting member can be adjusted to the constantly decreasing diameter of the wheel. A PSDI safety system which has received installation certification/validation shall undergo recertification/revalidation the earlier of: a. (1) Guarding. The employer shall train and instruct the operator in the safe method of work before starting work on any operation covered by this section. Unless a 6-foot 6-inch headroom clearance is provided, employees shall not be permitted to pass under conveyors. ), (7) Automatic snagging machines. An employer who assembles a PSDI safety system would be a manufacturer as well as employer for purposes of this standard and appendix. The unused run of the sanding belt shall be guarded against accidental contact. Gears shall be guarded in accordance with one of the following methods: (ii) By a standard guard as described in paragraph (o) of this section, at least seven (7) feet high extending six (6) inches above the mesh point of the gears; or. Push sticks or push blocks shall be provided at the work place in the several sizes and types suitable for the work to be done. Such flanges shall be at least one-fourth the wheel diameter. (6) Part revolution clutch means a type of clutch that can be disengaged at any point before the crankshaft has completed a full revolution and the press slide a full stroke. The time increase allowed shall be limited to no more than 10 percent of the longest press stopping time measured at the top of the stroke, or 10 milliseconds, whichever is longer. (ii) A red color stop control shall be provided with the clutch/brake control system. (4) The Assistant Secretary shall review the record, the decision by the administrative law judge, and the exceptions. OSHA Catwalk Requirements: Width, Load & Handrail Standards - Lapeyre Stair (vi) Electrical clutch/brake control circuits shall incorporate features to minimize the possibility of an unintended stroke in the event of the failure of a control component to function properly, including relays, limit switches, and static output circuits. 1 For wheels under 114 inches thick F dimension shall not exceed 40 percent of wheel thickness. These tests shall specify the acceptable tolerance band sufficient to assure that tolerance build-up will not render the safety distance unsafe. (11) The frames and all exposed, noncurrent-carrying metal parts of portable electric woodworking machinery operated at more than 90 volts to ground shall be grounded and other portable motors driving electric tools which are held in the hand while being operated shall be grounded if they operate at more than 90 volts to ground. 3. Fixing of selection shall be by means capable of supervision by the employer. The bottom of the guard shall come to within three-eighths inch of a plane formed by bottom or contact face of the feed roll where it touches the stock. 2. Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equipment additional strength may be necessary. The validation organization and the validating laboratory shall be adequately staffed by personnel who are qualified by technical training and/or experience to conduct the validation of the certification of PSDI safety systems. Bearings shall be kept in alignment and properly adjusted. (33) Die enclosure guard means an enclosure attached to the die shoe or stripper, or both, in a fixed position. The safety system provision continues the concept of paragraph (b)(13) that the probability of two independent failures in the length of time required to make one press cycle is so remote as to be a negligible risk factor in the total array of equipment and human factors. When frequent oiling must be done, openings with hinged or sliding self-closing covers shall be provided. Flexible steel band brakes do not possess a long-term reliability against structural failure as compared to other types of brakes, and therefore are not acceptable on presses used in the PSDI mode of operation. Personal protective equipment shall be used in grinding operations, and equipment shall be used and maintained in accordance with ANSI B7.1-1970, Safety Code for the Use, Care, and Protection of Abrasive Wheels, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6, and with 1910.215. Means must be provided to prevent tightener from falling, in case the belt breaks. c. The applicant shall provide information demonstrating that it and any validating laboratory utilized meet the program requirements set forth in section III of this appendix. contact the publishing agency. Side grinding wheel having a wall flared or tapered outward from the back. (iv) There are three general types of flanges: (a) Straight relieved flanges (see Figure O-32); (b) Straight unrelieved flanges (see Figure O-30); (c) Adaptor flanges (see Figures O-33 and O-34); (v) Regardless of flange type used, the wheel shall always be guarded. See paragraph (b) of 1910.215. (4) Type 11 flaring cup wheels mean wheels having double diameter dimensions D and J, and in addition have thickness, hole size, rim and back thickness dimensions. Press brakes, hydraulic and pneumatic power presses, bulldozers, hot bending and hot metal presses, forging presses and hammers, riveting machines and similar types of fastener applicators are excluded from the requirements of this section. 1. Overhead-rope and chain-drive guard construction shall conform to the rules for overhead-belt guard. (ix) Barriers shall be fixed to the press frame or bolster to prevent personnel from passing completely through the sensing field, where safety distance or press configuration is such that personnel could pass through the PSDI presence sensing field and assume a position where the point of operation could be accessed without detection by the PSDI presence sensing device. All points not readily accessible shall have oil feed tubes if lubricant is to be added while machinery is in motion. (iii) Type of clutch used on the press (full revolution, part revolution, or direct drive). A controlled clearance between the wheel hole and the machine spindle (or wheel sleeves or adaptors) is essential to avoid excessive pressure from mounting and spindle expansion. (b) Being a single control protected against accidental actuation and so located that the worker cannot reach into the point of operation while operating the single control. A positive-type lockout device for disconnecting the power to the shear shall be provided. "Published Edition". You are using an unsupported browser. It shall automatically adjust itself to the thickness of and remain in contact with the material being cut. Mechanical and electrical equipment and auxiliaries shall be installed in accordance with this section and subpart S of this part. (x) Foot operated tripping controls, if used, shall be protected so as to prevent operation from falling or moving objects, or from unintended operation by accidental stepping onto the foot control. The validation organization shall make available upon request a list of PSDI safety systems which have been certified/validated by the program. 4. 1910.25 Stairways. 6.a. Where any portion of the train of gears guarded by a band guard is less than six (6) feet from the floor a disk guard or a complete enclosure to the height of six (6) feet shall be required. The validation organization representative shall witness at least one set of tests. Bearings and facilities for oiling. If its necessary to clean belts or drums while the equipment in is motion, insure proper barrier guards are in place and that no part of the equipment can be activated which could endanger the individual at work. The validation organization shall assign overall responsibility for the validation of PSDI certification to an Administrative Director. Final decision by Assistant Secretary - a. (v) An indicator visible to the operator and readily seen by the employer shall be provided which shall clearly indicate that the system is set-up for cycling in the PSDI mode. (5) Changing dies. (i) Mechanical power presses used in the PSDI mode shall be operated under the control of a safety system which, in addition to meeting the applicable requirements of paragraphs (b)(13) and (c)(5) and other applicable provisions of this section, shall function such that a single failure or single operating error shall not cause injury to personnel from point of operation hazards. All manually operated valves and switches shall be clearly identified and readily accessible. (3) Installation/Certification/Validation and Annual Recertification/Revalidation. tensile strength 60,000 p.s.i.) Hangers shall be inspected to make certain that all supporting bolts and screws are tight and that supports of hanger boxes are adjusted properly. Grinding wheels shall fit freely on the spindle and remain free under all grinding conditions. The front and back of the band wheels shall be either enclosed by solid material or by wire mesh or perforated metal. (12) Presence sensing device means a device designed, constructed and arranged to create a sensing field or area that signals the clutch/brake control to deactivate the clutch and activate the brake of the press when any part of the operator's body or a hand tool is within such field or area. (vi) Oil swabs, or scale removers, or other devices to remove scale shall be provided. (9) Repairs and maintenance. (1) Hazards to personnel associated with broken or falling machine components. Full stop or No movement of the slide or ram means when the crankshaft rotation has slowed to two or less revolutions per minute, just before stopping completely. 1910.333 Selection and use of work practices. If they sound cracked (dead), they shall not be used. Employers and manufacturers are encouraged to recommend other approaches if there is a potential for improving safety and reducing cost. (i) Straight relieved flanges made according to Table O-6 and Figure O-32 shall be recessed at least one-sixteenth inch on the side next to the wheel for a distance as specified in Table O-6. 1910.423 Post-dive procedures. (vi) The presence sensing device location shall either be set at each tool change and set-up to provide at least the minimum safety distance, or fixed in location to provide a safety distance greater than or equal to the minimum safety distance for all tooling set-ups which are to be used on that press. (B) The safety distance shall be checked for compliance with (h)(9)(v) of this section. OSHA Basics: OSHA's Part 1910 General Industry and Part 1926 (2) Open framehammers (or blacksmith hammers) mean hammers used primarily for the shaping of forgings by means of impact with flat dies.